Japanese Alps: Three Mountain Ranges Where Tradition Meets Alpine Adventure
The Japanese Alps (Nihon Arupusu) are divided into three mountain ranges: the Northern, Central, and Southern Alps, which run over central Honshu and reach elevations of more than 3,000 meters (9,843 feet). These steep ranges dominate the Chubu region of Nagano Prefecture, providing a beautiful and lonely scenery that was virtually unknown to international visitors until lately. The Northern Alps, centred by the breathtaking Kamikochi valley, include the turquoise blue waters of the Azusa River, the tranquil Myojin Pond, and towering peaks such as the Hotaka Mountain Range. The majestic Minami Alps are featured in the Central Alps, while Japan's most rough and desolate wilderness can be found in the Southern Alps.
The Japanese Alps endure dramatic seasonal fluctuations that follow a distinct schedule from the rest of Japan. At elevations where winter snow lasts until late spring, major seasonal alterations occur. Spring (May) brings lush green growth among snow-capped peaks, resulting in ethereal contrasts. Summer (July-August) transforms the highlands into flower gardens, with azaleas blooming first, then daylilies and alpine wildflowers. Autumn (September-October) transforms the landscape with vibrant colour changes. Winter (November-March) delivers extensive snow cover, resulting in an entirely distinct mountain landscape.
Access to the Japanese Alps has become more accessible as infrastructure has improved. Despite its stunning surroundings, Kamikochi, the entryway to the Northern Alps within Chubu Sangaku National Park, provides accessible hiking for people of all abilities. Popular routes include the Kappa Bridge to picturesque Taisho Pond (75 minutes), the mysterious Myojin Pond (60 minutes), and the Yokoo base camp via Tokusawa Campground (130 minutes). Shiga Kogen's highlands reach 2,307 meters and offer several trekking routes via ponds, marshes, and woodlands, while Togakushi has 400-year-old cedar trees and five connected shrines. The Shin etsu Trail is a 110-kilometer long hike that winds along the Niigata-Nagano border, passing through beech forests and hot springs.
Despite improved infrastructure and breathtaking scenery similar to European alpine regions, the Japanese Alps are mostly disregarded by international tourists. The lack of commercial development has preserved these mountains as bastions of real Japanese wilderness—places where traditional mountain culture, sustainable tourism, and pure environment coexist together.
